abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:The aim was to explore the relationships between five socioeconomic variables and three main cardiovascular diseases (ischaemic heart disease, hypertensive disease, and cerebrovascular disease) in Hong Kong. DESIGN:This cross sectional study used data from the 1986 by-census and registered death data f...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Wong SL,Donnan SP

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:The aim was to identify any social class differences in health and care in the year before death emerging from a wider study of life before death. DESIGN AND SETTING:Data were collected at interviews, mainly of close relatives, with those who knew most about the people's lives in the year before they d...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Cartwright A

更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:The aim was to compare the Office of Population Censuses and Surveys (OPCS) notification system for congenital malformation surveillance and the Liverpool Congenital Malformations Registry (LCMR) with respect to efficiency and uniformity of ascertainment, diagnostic accuracy, and overreporting of minor ...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Dutton SJ,Owens JR,Harris F

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:The aim was to investigate suicide and "undetermined" deaths by age, economic activity status, and social class in Great Britain among males of working age. DESIGN:The study was a cross sectional analysis of Registrar General's data for England and Wales around 1981, repeated for around 1971, and for S...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Kreitman N,Carstairs V,Duffy J

更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:The aim was to analyse occupational mortality differences among women using follow up data from a large nationally representative sample. DESIGN:Occupational information was obtained from the 1971 census records of women in the Longitudinal Study carried out by the Office of Population Censuses and Sur...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Moser KA,Goldblatt PO

更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim was to study whether women having had caesarean sections (index women) have more subsequent health problems, measured by hospital admissions, than women having had vaginal deliveries (control women). DESIGN:The study involved comparison of hospital admissions before (2-5 years) and after (7-10 years)...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Hemminki E

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:The aim was to examine disease concurrence, using diabetes mellitus as an ullustrative example. DESIGN:The study involved a general practice morbidity survey, conducted over 12 months in 1981-82. All patients who consulted their general practitioners with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (type 1 or typ...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Fleming DM,Crombie DL,Cross KW

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:The aim was to investigate whether the survival of women with cancer of the uterine cervix is associated with their marital status and social class. DESIGN:The study was a survey of survival up to 5 years from diagnosis of women with cancer of the cervix registered in the South Thames Cancer Registry, ...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Murphy M,Goldblatt P,Thornton-Jones H,Silcocks P

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:Northern Ireland has the highest standardised mortality ratios for colon cancer in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland has some of the highest mortality rates for cancer in the world. The aim of the study therefore was to investigate trends in colorectal cancer in the north and south of Irela...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Kee F,Patterson C,Collins B

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:The aim of the study was to examine the possible influence of social class on the prevalence of cerebral palsy. DESIGN:The study was a retrospective population based survey of all cases of cerebral palsy. SETTING:The study involved all cases of cerebral palsy born to residents in the Eastern Health Bo...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Dowding VM,Barry C

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of consanguinity on children's health. DESIGN:The study is a prospective survey from birth to five years of a cohort of babies born in a multiracial community. This report details the initial findings on consanguinity. SETTING:Participating familie...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Bundey S,Alam H,Kaur A,Mir S,Lancashire RJ

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:The aim of the study was to examine a cohort of cases of childhood cancer occurring in a defined geographical area to try to identify clustering and possible causative factors. DESIGN:Data were analysed using the close pair method developed by Knox for signs of clustering in relation to date and place ...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Morris V

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:The purpose of the study was to examine adult body height as an indicator of general health. DESIGN:The study was a survey of a randomly selected sample of the adult Swedish population obtained by the Swedish National Central Bureau of Statistics. PARTICIPANTS:The sample studied was identified in 1980...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Peck AM,Vågerö DH

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:To examine the associations between frequency of leisure time exercise and cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents. DESIGN:Cross sectional survey carried out over a 3 month period in 1984. SETTING:All 24 schools in North Karelia province and 16 randomly selected schools in Kuopio province. PARTICI...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Marti B,Vartiainen E

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:From 1969 to the end of 1983 in Norway, dementia was coded as the underlying cause of death from 2058 death certificates, and as a contributory cause from 19,459. This is 3.56% of the total number of deaths. It seems that a considerable proportion of dementia cases are noted on death certificates in Norway. Death rate...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Flaten TP

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Age adjusted incidence rates (World standard) from invasive cervical cancer in the Swiss canton of Vaud decreased from 17.7/100,000 in 1968-70 to 9.9/100,000 in 1983-85. The decline was substantial in younger middle age, but no appreciable trend was observed in women over 70. This is consistent with available intervie...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Levi F,La Vecchia C,Te VC,Gutzwiller F

更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of mortality data in the form of standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) to measure the need for health care resources in the Resource Allocation Working Party (RAWP) formula in England has been criticised for underestimating the wider effects of adverse socioeconomic conditions on need, particularly in inner cit...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Mays N,Chinn S

更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A cohort of 6168 schizophrenic patients was followed from 1957 to 1984 to determine the incidence of cancer in these patients. In the male schizophrenic patients the incidence of cancer was found to be significantly reduced in comparison with the general Danish population. This reduction was especially marked for canc...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Mortensen PB

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since the early 1960s notification rates for tuberculosis in England and Wales for the whole population have been influenced by high rates in certain ethnic groups. Using data based on country of birth from the British (Thoracic and) Tuberculosis Association surveys of 1965 and 1971, and based on ethnic origin from th...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Springett VH,Darbyshire JH,Nunn AJ,Sutherland I

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Data from the Glasgow Register of Congenital Malformations were used to investigate the extent of the recent decline in the prevalence of anencephaly and spina bifida, and the contribution of antenatal screening to it. Over the period 1974-85 inclusive, 303 pregnancies with an anencephalic foetus were diagnosed, repre...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Stone DH,Smalls MJ,Rosenberg K,Womersley J

更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A recent review of the literature identified several common methodological weaknesses in studies of the effects of occupational exposures on male and female reproductive processes. This paper suggests a strategy which addresses these problems, by the use of a standard method. The potential benefits include increased m...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Joffe M

更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Systematic screening of death certificates referable to residents of two health districts covered by a psychiatric case register allows the study of excess mortality in unselected psychiatric patients from a defined area of known population. Deaths among the case register patients exceeded those expected by 80%; the r...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Hassall C,Prior P,Cross KW

更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In epidemiological studies the diagnosis of a past history of myocardial infarction is made from the answer to a single question: "Have you ever had a severe pain across the front of your chest lasting for half an hour or more?" Two additional questions, which form an optional part of the London School of Hygiene and ...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Yarnell JW,Sweetnam PM,Baker IA,Bainton D

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A case-control study of cancers of the upper alimentary tract was conducted in a hospital to assess the role of several risk factors, including alcohol consumption, which is reported here. Male patients from one community with cancers of the oral cavity (n = 278), pharynx (n = 225), and oesophagus (n = 236) formed the...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Notani PN

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The incidence of malignant melanoma in developed countries has been rising rapidly in recent years. Its causes and the reasons for this trend are uncertain. Changes in histopathological criteria for classifying pigmented skin lesions could explain the rising incidence rates. With support from the International Agency ...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Philipp R,Hastings A,Briggs J,Sizer J

更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In February and May 1986, weekly samples of whole pasteurised milk were collected from the 24 dairies supplying seven British towns. A random sample of 96 women aged 25-64 was drawn from general practitioners' lists in each town, and catch specimens of early morning urine were collected by post from 194 subjects in Fe...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Nelson M,Phillips DI,Morris JA,Wood TJ

更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relation between blood pressure and subsequent stroke was examined in a four-year follow-up study of a geographically defined population sample of 2704 people aged 65 and over resident in South Tyneside in 1975. In men there was a significant relation between stroke and a history of diagnosed high blood pressure a...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Evans JG

更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Socioeconomic differentials in the uptake of medical care in men were investigated using data from the General Household Survey (1974-76 and 1979-80). Hospitalisation, attendance at out patient clinics, and consultation with doctors were higher in local authority tenants than in owner occupiers. Men belonging to the m...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Balarajan R,Yuen P,Machin D

更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Records in the obstetric wards and nurseries of 18 hospitals were reviewed and studied epidemiologically, covering about 210,000 deliveries and 1000 cases of neural tube defects (NTD). All live and still births occurred in the period 1970-84. Following the NTD classification used by Koch (1984), our case series consis...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Lian ZH,Yang HY,Li Z

更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been claimed that unemployment affects the health and thus the mortality of the unemployed, their families, and other members of their communities. This paper examines the relation between mortality and the unemployment experiences of small areas which vary in the extent to which their unemployment levels have ...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Charlton JR,Bauer R,Thakhore A,Silver R,Aristidou M

更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Between 1975 and 1 April 1986, public transport by bus in the metropolitan county of South Yorkshire, England, was increasingly subsidised. Trends in road traffic accident casualties between 1974 and 1983 in all the six provincial English metropolitan counties have been compared in order to examine the possible effect...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Nicholl JP,Freeman MR,Williams BT

更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cross sectional data from a survey of 2512 men aged 45-49 years were used to examine the confounding effects of heart rate, employment, and ischaemic heart disease (IHD) on the relation between cereal fibre intake and blood pressure. Daily cereal fibre intake (g/day) was associated with systolic pressure (r = -0.053, ...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Lichtenstein MJ,Burr ML,Fehily AM,Yarnell JW

更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many cancers and other chronic diseases are associated with a long delay between exposure to a putative risk factor and subsequent diagnosis. This presents well recognised problems in the elucidation of suspected risk factors by epidemiological methods. In this paper we discuss the interpretation in epidemiological st...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： McPherson K,Coope PA,Vessey MP

更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Medical students in Nottingham all complete an honours Bachelor of Medical Sciences course in one department including a research project. The honours programme in community health is described, with results from a survey of the 122 graduates since the medical school started. The 98 (80%) responses showed high levels ...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Elwood JM,Pearson JC,Madeley RJ,Logan RF,Beaver MW,Gillies PA,Little J,Langham A

更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fertility and contraceptive practice were examined by interview with parents of 100 Down's syndrome patients. Before the birth of the affected child, fertility was low by comparison with that in married women in the general population, and to this the socioeconomic class bias in the sample is thought to be contributor...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Boon AR

更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A retrospective questionnaire and interview study of 10 year survivors of uncomplicated myocardial infarction examined smoking, diet, exercise, weight, medication, and treatment since discharge from hospital in 1973-4 and made comparisons with controls (using the same questionnaire) and with normal populations (as rep...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： West RR,Evans DA

更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Base line data together with data in public registers and a structured phone interview of 94 of the 121 non-attenders was used for an assessment of factors influencing participation in the prospective population study 'Men born in 1914' in Malmö, Sweden. The overall attendance rate was 80.5% but varied among areas in ...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Janzon L,Hanson BS,Isacsson SO,Lindell SE,Steen B

更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This is the report of a feasibility study of a randomised controlled trial of chiropractic and hospital outpatient management for low back pain of mechanical origin. Preparations for the study included an approach to the General Medical Council for guidance about the intended collaboration between medically qualified ...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors：

更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A survey in a London borough showed that 15% of adults living at home were restricted in one or more areas of their lives because of illness. A sample of these adults aged 25 to 75 years was interviewed using a validated medical questionnaire, and the severity of their restrictions was also assessed using a separate i...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Peach H,Charlton JR

更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A population based programme to educate women in breast self-examination (BSE) was organised as part of the UK Trial of Early Detection of Breast Cancer. Women who responded to an invitation to a meeting were educated in groups and were not routinely screened. Open access clinics offered x ray and clinical examination...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Flaherty C,Philip J,Harris WG,Joslin CA

更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00